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Project Title:  Self-Generated LBNP for Deep-Space Missions Reduce
Images: icon  Fiscal Year: FY 2022 
Division: Human Research 
Research Discipline/Element:
HRP HHC:Human Health Countermeasures
Start Date: 01/31/2019  
End Date: 01/30/2022  
Task Last Updated: 12/07/2021 
Download report in PDF pdf
Principal Investigator/Affiliation:   Hargens, Alan R. Ph.D. / University of California, San Diego 
Address:  Altman Clinical and Translational Research Institute 
9452 Medical Center Drive/0863 
La Jolla , CA 92037-0863 
Email: ahargens@ucsd.edu 
Phone: 858-534-7837  
Congressional District: 52 
Web:  
Organization Type: UNIVERSITY 
Organization Name: University of California, San Diego 
Joint Agency:  
Comments:  
Co-Investigator(s)
Affiliation: 
Lee, Stuart  Ph.D. KBR/NASA Johnson Space Center 
Macias, Brandon  Ph.D. NASA Johnson Space Center 
Afshari, Natalie A. M.D. University of California, San Diego 
Key Personnel Changes / Previous PI: 2021 report: James Friend, Linda Loerch, and Lonnie Petersen are no longer CoInvestigators on the project. 2020 report: Dr. Natalie Afshari is a new CoInvestigator for her ophthalmology expertise.
Project Information: Grant/Contract No. 80NSSC19K0409 
Responsible Center: NASA JSC 
Grant Monitor: Stenger, Michael  
Center Contact: 281-483-1311 
michael.b.stenger@nasa.gov 
Unique ID: 12245 
Solicitation / Funding Source: 2017-2018 HERO 80JSC017N0001-BPBA Topics in Biological, Physiological, and Behavioral Adaptations to Spaceflight. Appendix C 
Grant/Contract No.: 80NSSC19K0409 
Project Type: GROUND 
Flight Program:  
TechPort: Yes 
No. of Post Docs:
No. of PhD Candidates:
No. of Master's Candidates:
No. of Bachelor's Candidates:
No. of PhD Degrees:
No. of Master's Degrees:
No. of Bachelor's Degrees:
Human Research Program Elements: (1) HHC:Human Health Countermeasures
Human Research Program Risks: (1) SANS:Risk of Spaceflight Associated Neuro-ocular Syndrome (SANS)
Human Research Program Gaps: (1) SANS-301:Develop and test mechanical countermeasures in the laboratory.
Flight Assignment/Project Notes: NOTE: Project end date changed to 01/30/2022 per NSSC information. (Ed., 6/28/22)

NOTE: Project end date changed to 10/31/2021 per L. Barnes-Moten / NASA JSC. (Ed., 12/7/21)

Task Description: This Ground-Based proposal will evaluate a novel, self-generated Lower Body Negative Pressure (LBNP) device as a countermeasure to prevent Spaceflight Associated Neuro-Ocular Syndrome (SANS). This device is ideal for off-normal conditions in space craft when power is low. The self-generated LBNP device was invented and published by our team almost 20 years ago and is presently on the Chinese Space Station Tiangong One. This concept is very timely now with NASA's need to provide a SANS countermeasure while at the same time, providing physiologically-integrated exercise hardware that is safe, low mass, low volume, low power, and simple for deployment on a small, confined deep-space vehicle. Previous ground-based tests of the self-generated LBNP device document that the maximum footward force at the peak of the exercise cycle is over 110 kg and pressure within the cylinder concomitantly decreases by over 25 mm Hg below ambient to help counteract SANS, maintain aerobic capacity and the musculoskeletal system. This proposal is a logical extension of our previous ground-based simulations validating the self-generated LBNP device to re-introduce daily gravitational pressures and footward reaction forces. Furthermore, it extends our ongoing International Space Station (ISS) project "Fluid Distribution Before, During and After Prolonged Space Flight," demonstrating short-term LBNP by the Russian Chibis Suit to reduce venous congestion in the neck. We will use state-of-the-art, non-invasive technologies and imaging to prove efficacy of our self-generated LBNP device by quantifying cerebral volumes, pressures, and compliance along with visual deficits and ocular remodeling in 16 healthy female and male volunteers during parabolic flight and ground simulations of microgravity. We will determine dose-response efficacy of self-generated LBNP and accompanying shoulder-vest and footward mechanical loads to re-introduce diurnal effects of gravitational stress. Our self-generated LBNP device is very timely now with NASA's need to provide an integrated countermeasure for SANS and musculoskeletal (MS) losses, while at the same time providing physiologically-integrated exercise hardware that is safe, low mass, low volume, no power, and simple for deployment in a confined deep-space vehicle. Taken together, we therefore propose low-level, almost daily application of self-generated LBNP as an integrated countermeasure to reintroduce diurnal cycles of gravitational fluid and pressure variability to preserve cerebral, ocular, cardiovascular, and musculoskeletal health, relevant to 2011 Decadal priorities AH6 ("Studies should be done to develop and test new prototype exercise devices, and to optimize physical activity paradigms/prescriptions targeting multi-system countermeasures"). A self-generated LBNP device will go from a Technology Readiness Level of 7 to 8.

Research Impact/Earth Benefits: This Ground-Based proposal will evaluate a novel, self-generated Lower Body Negative Pressure (LBNP) device as a countermeasure to prevent Spaceflight-Associated Neuro-Ocular Syndrome (SANS). The change in position and forces from an exercising astronaut in the device expands the accordion device to create a suction pressure. This suction trans-locates blood from the upper body to the lower body while applying musculoskeletal loads to crewmembers’ bodies without a separate electricity source, making it ideally suited to spaceflight conditions when power supply is limited. This concept is very timely with NASA’s need to provide a SANS countermeasure while at the same time, providing physiologically-integrated exercise hardware that is safe, low mass, low volume, low power and simple for deployment in a small, confined deep-space vehicle. Additionally, the self-generated LBNP device presents less of an engineering challenge than a short-radius centrifuge or whole space vehicle rotation.

Task Progress & Bibliography Information FY2022 
Task Progress: Our results indicate there is a significant difference between the upright posture and static lower body negative pressure (LBNP) conditions. These findings are in accordance with previous studies in which LBNP reduced intracranial pressure (ICP) in a supine posture, but not to upright levels. The internal jugular vein (IJV) cross-sectional area (CSA) was slightly larger in dynamic LBNP when compared to static LBNP, but the difference was not significant. Our data suggest that both static and dynamic LBNP have similar effects on IJV CSA.

Despite the established efficacy of LBNP at reducing IJV CSA, our data do not indicate either LBNP condition significantly reduced IJV CSA when compared to the supine condition. Additionally, the supine condition was not significantly different when compared to the upright condition. There are several reasons why the differences were not significant. First, we had a small number of subjects with N=11. Variances were not equal, requiring large correction factors. Finally, there was a very large variability in IJV CSA in the supine position between subjects. These factors reduced power and significance.

While neither LBNP condition reached statistical significance, both conditions trended toward reducing IJV CSA when compared to supine. Previous studies demonstrate the efficacy of static LBNP at reducing IJV CSA and ICP. Because both the static and dynamic LBNP conditions reduced IJV CSA to a similar extent, our results suggest dynamic, self-generated LBNP may have a similar effect of reducing IJV CSA, and potentially ICP, when compared to traditional static LBNP. These results warrant further investigation into self-generated LBNP as it may be a low-mass, low-volume, unpowered replacement for traditional LBNP chambers during long-duration spaceflight.

(Ed. note December 2021: compiled from PI's technical report submitted July 2021.)

Bibliography: Description: (Last Updated: 10/31/2023) 

Show Cumulative Bibliography
 
Articles in Peer-reviewed Journals Arbeille P, Zuj KA, Macias BR, Ebert DJ, Laurie SS, Sargsyan AE, Martin DS, Lee SMC, Dulchavsky SA, Stenger MB, Hargens AR. "Lower body negative pressure reduces jugular and portal vein volumes and counteracts the elevation of middle cerebral vein velocity during long-duration spaceflight." J Appl Physiol (1985). 2021 Sep;131(3):1080-7. https://doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00231.2021 ; PMID: 34323592; PMCID: PMC8461809 , Sep-2021
Articles in Peer-reviewed Journals Ly V, Velichala SR, Hargens AR. "Cardiovascular, lymphatic, and ocular health in space." Life (Basel). 2022 Feb 11;12(2):268. Review. https://doi.org/10.3390/life12020268 ; PMID: 35207555; PMCID: PMC8875500 , Feb-2022
Project Title:  Self-Generated LBNP for Deep-Space Missions Reduce
Images: icon  Fiscal Year: FY 2021 
Division: Human Research 
Research Discipline/Element:
HRP HHC:Human Health Countermeasures
Start Date: 01/31/2019  
End Date: 01/30/2022  
Task Last Updated: 03/27/2021 
Download report in PDF pdf
Principal Investigator/Affiliation:   Hargens, Alan R. Ph.D. / University of California, San Diego 
Address:  Altman Clinical and Translational Research Institute 
9452 Medical Center Drive/0863 
La Jolla , CA 92037-0863 
Email: ahargens@ucsd.edu 
Phone: 858-534-7837  
Congressional District: 52 
Web:  
Organization Type: UNIVERSITY 
Organization Name: University of California, San Diego 
Joint Agency:  
Comments:  
Co-Investigator(s)
Affiliation: 
Lee, Stuart  Ph.D. KBR/NASA Johnson Space Center 
Macias, Brandon  Ph.D. NASA Johnson Space Center 
Afshari, Natalie A. M.D. University of California, San Diego 
Key Personnel Changes / Previous PI: 2021 report: James Friend, Linda Loerch, and Lonnie Petersen are no longer CoInvestigators on the project. 2020 report: Dr. Natalie Afshari is a new CoInvestigator for her ophthalmology expertise.
Project Information: Grant/Contract No. 80NSSC19K0409 
Responsible Center: NASA JSC 
Grant Monitor: Stenger, Michael  
Center Contact: 281-483-1311 
michael.b.stenger@nasa.gov 
Unique ID: 12245 
Solicitation / Funding Source: 2017-2018 HERO 80JSC017N0001-BPBA Topics in Biological, Physiological, and Behavioral Adaptations to Spaceflight. Appendix C 
Grant/Contract No.: 80NSSC19K0409 
Project Type: GROUND 
Flight Program:  
TechPort: Yes 
No. of Post Docs:
No. of PhD Candidates:
No. of Master's Candidates:
No. of Bachelor's Candidates:
No. of PhD Degrees:
No. of Master's Degrees:
No. of Bachelor's Degrees:
Human Research Program Elements: (1) HHC:Human Health Countermeasures
Human Research Program Risks: (1) SANS:Risk of Spaceflight Associated Neuro-ocular Syndrome (SANS)
Human Research Program Gaps: (1) SANS-301:Develop and test mechanical countermeasures in the laboratory.
Task Description: This Ground-Based proposal will evaluate a novel, self-generated Lower Body Negative Pressure (LBNP) device as a countermeasure to prevent Spaceflight Associated Neuro-Ocular Syndrome (SANS). This device is ideal for off-normal conditions in space craft when power is low. The self-generated LBNP device was invented and published by our team almost 20 years ago and is presently on the Chinese Space Station Tiangong One. This concept is very timely now with NASA's need to provide a SANS countermeasure while at the same time, providing physiologically-integrated exercise hardware that is safe, low mass, low volume, low power, and simple for deployment on a small, confined deep-space vehicle. Previous ground-based tests of the self-generated LBNP device document that the maximum footward force at the peak of the exercise cycle is over 110 kg and pressure within the cylinder concomitantly decreases by over 25 mm Hg below ambient to help counteract SANS, maintain aerobic capacity and the musculoskeletal system. This proposal is a logical extension of our previous ground-based simulations validating the self-generated LBNP device to re-introduce daily gravitational pressures and footward reaction forces. Furthermore, it extends our ongoing International Space Station (ISS) project "Fluid Distribution Before, During and After Prolonged Space Flight," demonstrating short-term LBNP by the Russian Chibis Suit to reduce venous congestion in the neck. We will use state-of-the-art, non-invasive technologies and imaging to prove efficacy of our self-generated LBNP device by quantifying cerebral volumes, pressures, and compliance along with visual deficits and ocular remodeling in 16 healthy female and male volunteers during parabolic flight and ground simulations of microgravity. We will determine dose-response efficacy of self-generated LBNP and accompanying shoulder-vest and footward mechanical loads to re-introduce diurnal effects of gravitational stress. Our self-generated LBNP device is very timely now with NASA's need to provide an integrated countermeasure for SANS and musculoskeletal (MS) losses, while at the same time providing physiologically-integrated exercise hardware that is safe, low mass, low volume, no power, and simple for deployment in a confined deep-space vehicle. Taken together, we therefore propose low-level, almost daily application of self-generated LBNP as an integrated countermeasure to reintroduce diurnal cycles of gravitational fluid and pressure variability to preserve cerebral, ocular, cardiovascular, and musculoskeletal health, relevant to 2011 Decadal priorities AH6 ("Studies should be done to develop and test new prototype exercise devices, and to optimize physical activity paradigms/prescriptions targeting multi-system countermeasures"). A self-generated LBNP device will go from a Technology Readiness Level of 7 to 8.

Research Impact/Earth Benefits: This Ground-Based proposal will evaluate a novel, self-generated Lower Body Negative Pressure (LBNP) device as a countermeasure to prevent Spaceflight-Associated Neuro-Ocular Syndrome (SANS). The change in position and forces from an exercising astronaut in the device expands the accordion device to create a suction pressure. This suction trans-locates blood from the upper body to the lower body while applying musculoskeletal loads to crewmembers’ bodies without a separate electricity source, making it ideally suited to spaceflight conditions when power supply is limited. This concept is very timely with NASA’s need to provide a SANS countermeasure while at the same time, providing physiologically-integrated exercise hardware that is safe, low mass, low volume, low power and simple for deployment in a small, confined deep-space vehicle. Additionally, the self-generated LBNP device presents less of an engineering challenge than a short-radius centrifuge or whole space vehicle rotation.

Task Progress & Bibliography Information FY2021 
Task Progress: The design was optimized this year and we will employ a supine SELF LBNP device for acute tests of cardiovascular and cerebral physiology. Problems involving chamber collapse and leakage during decompression in early prototypes were addressed, and a new SELF LBNP device is under construction. After human research is re-instated at University of California San Diego, acute posture studies of SELF LBNP will be compared with short-term exposures to conventional LBNP.

Bibliography: Description: (Last Updated: 10/31/2023) 

Show Cumulative Bibliography
 
Articles in Peer-reviewed Journals Khossravi EA, Hargens AR. "Visual disturbances during prolonged space missions." Curr Opin Ophthalmol. 2021 Jan;32(1):69-73. https://doi.org/10.1097/ICU.0000000000000724 ; PMID: 33196542 , Jan-2021
Articles in Peer-reviewed Journals Ashari N, Hargens AR. "The mobile lower body negative pressure gravity suit for long-duration spaceflight." Front Physiol. 2020 Aug 5;11:977. https://doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2020.00977 ; PMID: 32848889; PMCID: PMC7419691 , Aug-2020
Project Title:  Self-Generated LBNP for Deep-Space Missions Reduce
Images: icon  Fiscal Year: FY 2020 
Division: Human Research 
Research Discipline/Element:
HRP HHC:Human Health Countermeasures
Start Date: 01/31/2019  
End Date: 01/30/2022  
Task Last Updated: 09/16/2020 
Download report in PDF pdf
Principal Investigator/Affiliation:   Hargens, Alan R. Ph.D. / University of California, San Diego 
Address:  Altman Clinical and Translational Research Institute 
9452 Medical Center Drive/0863 
La Jolla , CA 92037-0863 
Email: ahargens@ucsd.edu 
Phone: 858-534-7837  
Congressional District: 52 
Web:  
Organization Type: UNIVERSITY 
Organization Name: University of California, San Diego 
Joint Agency:  
Comments:  
Co-Investigator(s)
Affiliation: 
Friend, James  Ph.D. University of California, San Diego 
Lee, Stuart  Ph.D. KBR/NASA Johnson Space Center 
Macias, Brandon  Ph.D. KBR/NASA Johnson Space Center 
Petersen, Lonnie  M.D., Ph.D. University of California, San Diego 
Loerch, Linda  M.S. NASA Johnson Space Center 
Afshari, Natalie A. M.D. University of California, San Diego 
Key Personnel Changes / Previous PI: 2020 report: Dr. Natalie Afshari is a new CoInvestigator for her ophthalmology expertise.
Project Information: Grant/Contract No. 80NSSC19K0409 
Responsible Center: NASA JSC 
Grant Monitor: Norsk, Peter  
Center Contact:  
Peter.norsk@nasa.gov 
Unique ID: 12245 
Solicitation / Funding Source: 2017-2018 HERO 80JSC017N0001-BPBA Topics in Biological, Physiological, and Behavioral Adaptations to Spaceflight. Appendix C 
Grant/Contract No.: 80NSSC19K0409 
Project Type: GROUND 
Flight Program:  
TechPort: Yes 
No. of Post Docs:
No. of PhD Candidates:
No. of Master's Candidates:
No. of Bachelor's Candidates:
No. of PhD Degrees:  
No. of Master's Degrees:  
No. of Bachelor's Degrees:  
Human Research Program Elements: (1) HHC:Human Health Countermeasures
Human Research Program Risks: (1) SANS:Risk of Spaceflight Associated Neuro-ocular Syndrome (SANS)
Human Research Program Gaps: (1) SANS-301:Develop and test mechanical countermeasures in the laboratory.
Task Description: This Ground-Based proposal will evaluate a novel, self-generated Lower Body Negative Pressure (LBNP) device as a countermeasure to prevent Spaceflight Associated Neuro-Ocular Syndrome (SANS). This device is ideal for off-normal conditions in space craft when power is low. The self-generated LBNP device was invented and published by our team almost 20 years ago and is presently on the Chinese Space Station Tiangong One. This concept is very timely now with NASA's need to provide a SANS countermeasure while at the same time, providing physiologically-integrated exercise hardware that is safe, low mass, low volume, low power, and simple for deployment on a small, confined deep-space vehicle. Previous ground-based tests of the self-generated LBNP device document that the maximum footward force at the peak of the exercise cycle is over 110 kg and pressure within the cylinder concomitantly decreases by over 25 mm Hg below ambient to help counteract SANS, maintain aerobic capacity and the musculoskeletal system. This proposal is a logical extension of our previous ground-based simulations validating the self-generated LBNP device to re-introduce daily gravitational pressures and footward reaction forces. Furthermore, it extends our ongoing International Space Station (ISS) project "Fluid Distribution Before, During and After Prolonged Space Flight," demonstrating short-term LBNP by the Russian Chibis Suit to reduce venous congestion in the neck. We will use state-of-the-art, non-invasive technologies and imaging to prove efficacy of our self-generated LBNP device by quantifying cerebral volumes, pressures, and compliance along with visual deficits and ocular remodeling in 16 healthy female and male volunteers during parabolic flight and ground simulations of microgravity. We will determine dose-response efficacy of self-generated LBNP and accompanying shoulder-vest and footward mechanical loads to re-introduce diurnal effects of gravitational stress. Our self-generated LBNP device is very timely now with NASA's need to provide an integrated countermeasure for SANS and musculoskeletal (MS) losses, while at the same time providing physiologically-integrated exercise hardware that is safe, low mass, low volume, no power, and simple for deployment in a confined deep-space vehicle. Taken together, we therefore propose low-level, almost daily application of self-generated LBNP as an integrated countermeasure to reintroduce diurnal cycles of gravitational fluid and pressure variability to preserve cerebral, ocular, cardiovascular, and musculoskeletal health, relevant to 2011 Decadal priorities AH6 ("Studies should be done to develop and test new prototype exercise devices, and to optimize physical activity paradigms/prescriptions targeting multi-system countermeasures") and CC2 ("Determine whether artificial gravity is needed as a multi-system countermeasure, and whether continuous large radius AG is needed, or intermittent short radius AG is sufficient. Human studies in ground labs are essential to establish dose response relationships, and adequate gravity level, gradient, RPM, duration and frequency"). A self-generated LBNP device will go from a Technology Readiness Level of 7 or 8 to 9. Exercise within LBNP is at Countermeasure Readiness Level of 7 and will go to 8 or 9.

Research Impact/Earth Benefits:

Task Progress & Bibliography Information FY2020 
Task Progress: To date we have characterized and modified a preliminary self-generated LBNP device to prepare for our acute studies of supine suspension.

We had a NASA site visit on October 11, 2019 to refine our protocol for Year 2.

Bibliography: Description: (Last Updated: 10/31/2023) 

Show Cumulative Bibliography
 
 None in FY 2020
Project Title:  Self-Generated LBNP for Deep-Space Missions Reduce
Images: icon  Fiscal Year: FY 2019 
Division: Human Research 
Research Discipline/Element:
HRP HHC:Human Health Countermeasures
Start Date: 01/31/2019  
End Date: 01/30/2022  
Task Last Updated: 03/15/2019 
Download report in PDF pdf
Principal Investigator/Affiliation:   Hargens, Alan R. Ph.D. / University of California, San Diego 
Address:  Altman Clinical and Translational Research Institute 
9452 Medical Center Drive/0863 
La Jolla , CA 92037-0863 
Email: ahargens@ucsd.edu 
Phone: 858-534-7837  
Congressional District: 52 
Web:  
Organization Type: UNIVERSITY 
Organization Name: University of California, San Diego 
Joint Agency:  
Comments:  
Co-Investigator(s)
Affiliation: 
Friend, James  Ph.D. University of California, San Diego 
Lee, Stuart  Ph.D. Wyle Laboratories, Inc./NASA Johnson Space Center 
Macias, Brandon  Ph.D. Wyle Laboratories, Inc./NASA Johnson Space Center 
Petersen, Lonnie  M.D., Ph.D. University of California, San Diego 
Loerch, Linda  M.S. NASA Johnson Space Center 
Project Information: Grant/Contract No. 80NSSC19K0409 
Responsible Center: NASA JSC 
Grant Monitor: Norsk, Peter  
Center Contact:  
Peter.norsk@nasa.gov 
Unique ID: 12245 
Solicitation / Funding Source: 2017-2018 HERO 80JSC017N0001-BPBA Topics in Biological, Physiological, and Behavioral Adaptations to Spaceflight. Appendix C 
Grant/Contract No.: 80NSSC19K0409 
Project Type: GROUND 
Flight Program:  
TechPort: Yes 
No. of Post Docs:  
No. of PhD Candidates:  
No. of Master's Candidates:  
No. of Bachelor's Candidates:  
No. of PhD Degrees:  
No. of Master's Degrees:  
No. of Bachelor's Degrees:  
Human Research Program Elements: (1) HHC:Human Health Countermeasures
Human Research Program Risks: (1) SANS:Risk of Spaceflight Associated Neuro-ocular Syndrome (SANS)
Human Research Program Gaps: (1) SANS-301:Develop and test mechanical countermeasures in the laboratory.
Task Description: This Ground-Based proposal will evaluate a novel, self-generated Lower Body Negative Pressure (LBNP) device as a countermeasure to prevent Spaceflight Associated Neuro-Ocular Syndrome (SANS). This device is ideal for off-normal conditions in space craft when power is low. The self-generated LBNP device was invented and published by our team almost 20 years ago and is presently on the Chinese Space Station Tiangong One. This concept is very timely now with NASA's need to provide a SANS countermeasure while at the same time, providing physiologically-integrated exercise hardware that is safe, low mass, low volume, low power, and simple for deployment on a small, confined deep-space vehicle. Previous ground-based tests of the self-generated LBNP device document that the maximum footward force at the peak of the exercise cycle is over 110 kg and pressure within the cylinder concomitantly decreases by over 25 mm Hg below ambient to help counteract SANS, maintain aerobic capacity and the musculoskeletal system. This proposal is a logical extension of our previous ground-based simulations validating the self-generated LBNP device to re-introduce daily gravitational pressures and footward reaction forces. Furthermore, it extends our ongoing International Space Station (ISS) project "Fluid Distribution Before, During and After Prolonged Space Flight," demonstrating short-term LBNP by the Russian Chibis Suit to reduce venous congestion in the neck. We will use state-of-the-art, non-invasive technologies and imaging to prove efficacy of our self-generated LBNP device by quantifying cerebral volumes, pressures, and compliance along with visual deficits and ocular remodeling in 16 healthy female and male volunteers during parabolic flight and ground simulations of microgravity. We will determine dose-response efficacy of self-generated LBNP and accompanying shoulder-vest and footward mechanical loads to re-introduce diurnal effects of gravitational stress. Our self-generated LBNP device is very timely now with NASA's need to provide an integrated countermeasure for SANS and musculoskeletal (MS) losses, while at the same time providing physiologically-integrated exercise hardware that is safe, low mass, low volume, no power, and simple for deployment in a confined deep-space vehicle. Taken together, we therefore propose low-level, almost daily application of self-generated LBNP as an integrated countermeasure to reintroduce diurnal cycles of gravitational fluid and pressure variability to preserve cerebral, ocular, cardiovascular, and musculoskeletal health, relevant to 2011 Decadal priorities AH6 ("Studies should be done to develop and test new prototype exercise devices, and to optimize physical activity paradigms/prescriptions targeting multi-system countermeasures") and CC2 ("Determine whether artificial gravity is needed as a multi-system countermeasure, and whether continuous large radius AG is needed, or intermittent short radius AG is sufficient. Human studies in ground labs are essential to establish dose response relationships, and adequate gravity level, gradient, RPM, duration and frequency"). A self-generated LBNP device will go from a Technology Readiness Level of 7 or 8 to 9. Exercise within LBNP is at Countermeasure Readiness Level of 7 and will go to 8 or 9.

Research Impact/Earth Benefits:

Task Progress & Bibliography Information FY2019 
Task Progress: New project for FY2019.

Bibliography: Description: (Last Updated: 10/31/2023) 

Show Cumulative Bibliography
 
 None in FY 2019