NOTE: End date changed to 4/30/2020 per NSSC information (Ed., 1/29/2020)

NOTE: Extended to 1/18/2020; in addition, start date should be 7/19/2016, per K. Ohnesorge/JSC HRP (Ed., 5/24/18)

NOTE: Change in period of performance to 7/01/2016-12/31/2018 (previously 7/22/16-10/21/18 and then 7/19/2016-10/18/2018), per NSSC information (Ed., 12/15/17)

NOTE: Change in period of performance to 7/19/2016-10/18/2018 (previously 7/22/16-10/21/18), per K. Ohnesorge and D. Risin/JSC (Ed., 3/29/17)

NOTE: Element change to Human Factors & Behavioral Performance; previously Behavioral Health & Performance (Ed., 1/18/17)

In the field of human spaceflight, real-time performance metrics, and quantification of performance during operationally-relevant tasks and scenarios has the potential for making existing operations safer and more efficient, as well as for improving the design of future vehicles. The identification of critical performance decrements, either in measures of task performance, workload, or situational awareness, may be used to alter the human-automation task allocation or suggest changes to crew resource management. These metrics have been previously developed for the following operationally relevant tasks:

• Piloted lunar landing using a generic lunar lander design.

• Manual control of SAFER (simplified aid for EVA rescue) during an inspection of a solar panel by an EVA (extravehicular activity) crewmember.

• Manual control of SAFER during a simulated self-rescue flight back to the International Space Station (ISS).

• Manual control of the MPCV/Orion vehicle during docking with the ISS.

Future missions may be operating with delayed communication, or in extreme cases, without communication to Earth for ground-based support. In addition, all of the environmental parameters likely will not be known in advance (e.g., asteroid spin rate). A simulation capability that can be used to assess operational performance can be used to inform temporal function allocation (e.g., performance benefit/cost of human performing all the tasks vs. auto to start and then allow human to takeover at the end). This can help to inform mission design and crew resource management as a function of mission duration, sleep state, circadian synchronization, and workload. Real-time performance metrics are a valuable tool for quickly identifying performance decrements, and for determining the performance impact of delayed or sparse communication.

We integrated the Draper-developed configurable and portable simulation platform within the HERA facility for use during the Campaign 4 and Campaign 5 simulated long-duration space exploration missions. This platform can simulate multiple operationally-relevant scenarios—a generic piloted lunar landing task, ISS EVA SAFER inspection of a solar array, ISS EVA self-rescue, and MPCV/Orion docking with the ISS. During Campaigns 4 and 5, the simulation platform was used to characterize piloting metrics including flight performance, workload, and situation awareness during a simulated piloted lunar landing and ISS EVA SAFER solar array inspection tasks. The results from these two Campaigns were correlated with mission timeline events and the NASA Behavioral Health and Performance (BHP) Standard Measures.

Additionally, we worked with the University of Pennsylvania – who also has a copy of the Draper Real-Time Performance Metrics (RTPM) workstation -- to support the data collection activities as part of the Chronobiology Laboratory. Lastly, Draper has invested internally in making the RTPM a laptop version that was deployed and operated in remote locations such as NASA Extreme Environment Mission Operations (NEEMO) 23 mission.

NOTE: Extended to 1/18/2020; in addition, start date should be 7/19/2016, all per K. Ohnesorge/JSC HRP (Ed., 5/24/18)

NOTE: Change in period of performance to 7/01/2016-12/31/2018 (previously 7/22/16-10/21/18 and then 7/19/2016-10/18/2018), per NSSC information (Ed., 12/15/17)

NOTE: Change in period of performance to 7/19/2016-10/18/2018 (previously 7/22/16-10/21/18), per K. Ohnesorge and D. Risin/JSC (Ed., 3/29/17)

NOTE: Element change to Human Factors & Behavioral Performance; previously Behavioral Health & Performance (Ed., 1/18/17)

In the field of human spaceflight, real-time performance metrics, and quantification of performance during operationally-relevant tasks and scenarios has the potential for making existing operations safer and more efficient, as well as for improving the design of future vehicles. The identification of critical performance decrements, either in measures of task performance, workload, or situational awareness, may be used to alter the human-automation task allocation or suggest changes to crew resource management. These metrics have been previously developed for the following operationally relevant tasks:

• Piloted lunar landing using a generic lunar lander design.

• Manual control of SAFER (simplified aid for EVA rescue) during an inspection of a solar panel by an EVA (extravehicular activity) crewmember.

• Manual control of SAFER during a simulated self-rescue flight back to the International Space Station (ISS).

• Manual control of the MPCV/Orion vehicle during docking with the ISS.

Future missions may be operating with delayed communication, or in extreme cases, without communication to Earth for ground-based support. In addition, all of the environmental parameters likely will not be known in advance (e.g., asteroid spin rate). A simulation capability that can be used to assess operational performance can be used to inform temporal function allocation (e.g., performance benefit/cost of human performing all the tasks vs. auto to start and then allow human to takeover at the end). This can help to inform mission design and crew resource management as a function of mission duration, sleep state, circadian synchronization, and workload. Real-time performance metrics are a valuable tool for quickly identifying performance decrements, and for determining the performance impact of delayed or sparse communication.

We have integrated the Draper-developed configurable and portable simulation platform for use during HERA missions. This platform can simulate multiple operationally-relevant scenarios—a generic piloted lunar landing task, ISS EVA SAFER inspection of a solar array, ISS EVA self-rescue, and MPCV/Orion docking with the ISS. This simulation platform will be used to characterize real-time performance metrics including flight performance, workload, and situation awareness during piloted lunar landing and ISS EVA SAFER solar array inspection tasks in HERA during Campaign 4, and the results will be correlated with mission timeline events and NASA Behavioral Health and Performance (BHP) Standard Measures.

In the field of human spaceflight, real-time performance metrics, and quantification of performance during operationally-relevant tasks and scenarios has the potential for making existing operations safer and more efficient, as well as for improving the design of future vehicles. The identification of critical performance decrements, either in measures of task performance, workload, or situational awareness, may be used to alter the human-automation task allocation or suggest changes to crew resource management.

We have integrated the Draper-developed configurable and portable simulation platform with the HERA module in support of the upcoming Campaign 4 Missions. This required close coordination with the HERA team and the Flight Analogs team to ensure that the facility could accommodate our hardware in the locations and arrangement that best support the science objectives of our project. Our team delivered an updated set of software to the HERA hardware to enable the crew to operate the simulations and progress through the trials and automatically log and save the data for subsequent download and analysis. This enables individual configurations for each HERA crewmember – Commander, Flight Engineer, Mission Specialist 1, and Mission Specialist 2.

In parallel with the software development to support crew autonomous operations of the Draper real-time metrics simulation platform, our team developed a detailed operations manual for the HERA/Flight Analogs team, a crew-operations manual that is focused on the specific procedures for running the study, and a crew training curriculum for training the crew and preparing for baseline data collection. Additionally, to facilitate data analysis and quick-look reports of the data, our team is developing an automated analysis pipeline to analyze the data for the initial key parameters of flight performance (e.g., root mean square error of attitude), workload (e.g., secondary task response times), and situation awareness (e.g., scoring of the verbal callouts as recognized by the automatic speech recognition algorithm).

This platform has been specifically tailored to simulate two operationally-relevant scenarios—a generic piloted lunar landing task and an ISS EVA SAFER inspection of a solar array. This simulation platform will be used to characterize real-time performance metrics including flight performance, workload, and situation awareness during piloted lunar landing and ISS EVA SAFER solar array inspection tasks in HERA during Campaign 4, and the results will be correlated with mission timeline events and NASA Behavioral Health and Performance (BHP) Standard Measures.

Our near-term work will entail supporting the training, baseline data collection, and operations of HERA Campaign 4 Mission 1. Subsequently, we will then analyze the data and prepare for Missions 2, 3, and 4.

NOTE: Element change to Human Factors & Behavioral Performance; previously Behavioral Health & Performance (Ed., 1/18/17)

In the field of human spaceflight, real-time performance metrics, and quantification of performance during operationally-relevant tasks and scenarios has the potential for making existing operations safer and more efficient, as well as for improving the design of future vehicles. The identification of critical performance decrements, either in measures of task performance, workload, or situational awareness, may be used to alter the human-automation task allocation or suggest changes to crew resource management. These metrics have been previously developed for the following operationally relevant tasks:

• Piloted lunar landing using a generic lunar lander design.

• Manual control of SAFER during an inspection of a solar panel by an EVA (extravehicular activity) crewmember.

• Multi-purpose crew vehicle (MPCV)/Orion docking operations with the International Space Station (ISS).

Future missions may be operating with delayed communication, or in extreme cases, without communication to Earth for ground-based support. In addition, all of the environmental parameters likely will not be known in advance (e.g., asteroid spin rate). A simulation capability that can be used to assess operational performance can be used to inform temporal function allocation (e.g., performance benefit/cost of human performing all the tasks vs. auto to start and then allow human to takeover at the end). This can help to inform mission design and crew resource management as a function of mission duration, sleep state, circadian synchronization, and workload. Real-time performance metrics are a valuable tool for quickly identifying performance decrements, and for determining the performance impact of delayed or sparse communication.

We propose to integrate an existing configurable and portable simulation platform for use during HERA missions. This platform can simulate multiple operationally-relevant scenarios—a generic lunar landing task, EVA SAFER inspection of a solar array, and MPCV/Orion docking with the ISS. This simulation platform is will be used to characterize real-time performance metrics including flight performance, workload, and situation awareness as a function of time in HERA.