The focus of the proposed effort is on: (1) enhancing the problem-solving abilities of the crew, as well as the extended team (Front Room, Back Room, and Mission Evaluation Room Controllers), during off-nominal conditions; and (2) developing a prototype Crew Decision Support System (CDSS), aimed at assisting decision making and problem solving activities given operational constraints (e.g., distributed teams, communication delay). The first focus, enhancing crew problem-solving abilities, will be achieved through the development and validation of the Crew Adaptive Decision Making Under Stress (CADMUS) training. The CADMUS training will adopt the validated approach of Stress Exposure Training (SET), which provides a framework for designing, developing, and implementing training for off-nominal or high-demand events. This comprehensive training program will incorporate a continuum of graduated training activities to support adaptive crew decision making under stress – that are geared toward Artemis-class missions. The CDSS will be a model decision support system designed to facilitate crew problem-solving and decision making skills, given the operational constraints of Artemis missions (e.g., distributed teamwork and varied communication delays).

Methods.

The Crew Adaptive Decision Making Under Stress (CADMUS) training unites multiple streams of research to enhance the problem-solving abilities of the crew, as well as the extended team (Front Room, Back Room, and Mission Evaluation Room Controllers), during off-nominal conditions. Specifically, CADMUS training will integrate the Team Macrocognition and Stress Exposure Training (SET) literatures. In brief, this proposed effort will identify the macrocognitive processes involved in Artemis-class mission collaborative decision making and problem-solving, with an eye towards the stressors present in this setting (e.g., comm delays, work pace) and the types of problems crews may confront (e.g., type, structure). The outcome will be a set of contextualized metacognitive crew processes that will serve as the input for a training intervention applying the SET structure. We will then utilize the Human Exploration Research Analog (HERA) campaigns 8 and 9 to test and validate this approach. Moreover, to bolster validation efforts, we will carry out laboratory research, as well as field research in an additional spaceflight analog (LunAres Research Station). Concurrently, we will develop a prototype Crew Decision Support System (CDSS) tool, aimed at assisting decision making and problem-solving activities given operational constraints (e.g., distributed teams, communication delay), and test this in the HERA analog. The contextualized metacognitive crew processes will also serve as input for the development of the CDSS. The resultant effort will establish the requirements for the building of a CDSS to facilitate in-mission problem-solving, mapped to the contextualized metacognitive crew processes.

A key focus of this reporting period was to finalize our research design, study materials, and measures in order to conduct research in NASA's Human Exploration Research Analog (HERA) Campaign 8. The study was to be conducted at NASA Johnson Space Center by NASA Human Research Program. The current study, utilizing HERA Campaign 8, is a control arm aimed at documenting the effects of perceived stress on individual and team functioning. The baseline data gathered in Campaign 8 would be used as a comparison for future data collection.

The primary aim of this study was to develop and validate the Crew Adaptive Decision Making Under Stress (CADMUS) training. This research aimed to deliver stand-alone data, scientific knowledge, and analog validated countermeasures to narrow the identified NASA Human Research Roadmap (HRR) gaps:

• Team Gap 105: We need to identify a set of countermeasures to support team function and enable multiple distributed teams to manage shifting levels of autonomy for all phases of increasingly earth independent, long duration exploration missions.

• Team Gap 104: We need to identify validated ground-based and in-flight training methods for both preparatory and sustaining team function during shifting autonomy in increasingly Earth independent, long duration exploration missions.

This research project was terminated at the beginning of the proposed research efforts and before data collection.

The focus of the proposed effort is on: (1) enhancing the problem-solving abilities of the crew, as well as the extended team (Front Room, Back Room, and Mission Evaluation Room Controllers), during off-nominal conditions; and (2) developing a prototype Crew Decision Support System (CDSS), aimed at assisting decision making and problem solving activities given operational constraints (e.g., distributed teams, communication delay). The first focus, enhancing crew problem-solving abilities, will be achieved through the development and validation of the Crew Adaptive Decision Making Under Stress (CADMUS) training. The CADMUS training will adopt the validated approach of Stress Exposure Training (SET), which provides a framework for designing, developing, and implementing training for off-nominal or high-demand events. This comprehensive training program will incorporate a continuum of graduated training activities to support adaptive crew decision making under stress – that are geared toward Artemis-class missions. The CDSS will be a model decision support system designed to facilitate crew problem-solving and decision making skills, given the operational constraints of Artemis missions (e.g., distributed teamwork and varied communication delays).

Methods.

The Crew Adaptive Decision Making Under Stress (CADMUS) training unites multiple streams of research to enhance the problem-solving abilities of the crew, as well as the extended team (Front Room, Back Room, and Mission Evaluation Room Controllers), during off-nominal conditions. Specifically, CADMUS training will integrate the Team Macrocognition and Stress Exposure Training (SET) literatures. In brief, this proposed effort will identify the macrocognitive processes involved in Artemis-class mission collaborative decision making and problem-solving, with an eye towards the stressors present in this setting (e.g., comm delays, work pace) and the types of problems crews may confront (e.g., type, structure). The outcome will be a set of contextualized metacognitive crew processes that will serve as the input for a training intervention applying the SET structure. We will then utilize the Human Exploration Research Analog (HERA) campaigns 8 and 9 to test and validate this approach. Moreover, to bolster validation efforts, we will carry out laboratory research, as well as field research in an additional spaceflight analog (LunAres Research Station). Concurrently, we will develop a prototype Crew Decision Support System (CDSS) tool, aimed at assisting decision making and problem-solving activities given operational constraints (e.g., distributed teams, communication delay), and test this in the HERA analog. The contextualized metacognitive crew processes will also serve as input for the development of the CDSS. The resultant effort will establish the requirements for the building of a CDSS to facilitate in-mission problem-solving, mapped to the contextualized metacognitive crew processes.